About malayala manorama news paper industry

ORGANIZATION STUDY AT MALAYALA MANORAMA
MARTHOMA COLLEGE FOR MANAGEMENT & TECHNOLOGY 1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Communication is a tool which helps us to influence other people. It helps in bringing out the
changes in ours and other people s’ attitude. Communication makes the major part of the
social activity and our active life. It is the activity of conveying information through the
exchange of thoughts, messages, and information in the form of speech, visuals, signals, or
written words. Newspaper is one of the eminent sources of sharing information relating to the
socio-economic and political environment.
Newspaper is one among the mass media available and probably the most distinct and
important achievement for the society. The newspaper acts as the agency of ‘Information and
Education’. It is also an instrument of democracy.
A newspaper is a periodic publication containing news and other informative articles, usually
advertisements. The new organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often
metonymically called newspapers. Most newspapers are now published online.
The role of newspaper during the independence struggle was significant. The newspaper has
not lost its importance with the rapid development of the other media which can be seen from
the increasing circulation of various newspapers. Newspapers have become the tool for
upgrading knowledge, overcoming fear and gaining information about current affairs around
the world nations, regions, etc. This is the same for a student, Business man, Government or
private employee or a housewife who has the important task of educating and bringing up
tomorrow’s citizens of the world.
The main aim of this real world study is to gain an organizational familiarization and a
practical exposure of the implementation of various layouts. This study helped me to
understand the functions, structure, policies and different procedures of the organization.
The main objective of this study is to identify the functions of various divisions in the
organization and also to gain knowledge about the organizational atmosphere and to find
the importance of this industry in the society.

1.2 NEED OF THE STUDY
To be a part of the organization and to have a detailed study on the functions , activities,
divisions, cultural background ,and other services provided by the firm. This study also
enables us to have an insight into the application of various organizational theories and the
gap between knowledge and practice.
The study is being conducted at The Malayala Manorama, Kottayam. This study is aimed at
getting an overall view of organization and functions carried out by different divisions like
Personnel & Administration, Circulation, Production, Editorial, Finance, Management
Accounts, Diversification, Marketing, Advertising and Scheduling. The study is based on the
relevant data and materials given from the organization.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
 To familiarize with a reputed industry and to gain a practical experience, study the
functioning of various divisions and other activities which are carried out in the
organization.
 To develop an understanding on various management practices followed in different
areas of the organization.
 To club the theoretical knowledge with the organizational practices
 To understand the organizational design
 To understand how key business practices are carried out in the organization.
 To understand how information is used in the organization for decision making at
various levels.
 To understand the organizational structure
 To study how the industry functions
 To do the SWOT Analysis
 To make suggestions according to my knowledge.

1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLGY
 Research simply means a search for facts – answers to questions and solution to
problems. It is a purposive investigation. It is an “organized inquiry” seeks to find
explanations to unexplained phenomenon, to clarify the thoughtful facts. The English
word ‘research ‘is derived from the French word “recherché” which means to seek
again.
 Research is an activity directed at the systematic search for pertinent information on a
topic most of the early researchers will directed at revealing the mysteries of the
nature.
Data Collection Methods
Data from primary sources:
 Interview method. Under this study, data are collected directly from the
officials, board members, managers and other employees in the organization.
Data from secondary sources:
Library books, department documents, journals, reference books etc.

1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
 To understand an organization and its working completely, a period of 30 days was
not sufficient
 Much information regarding the firm is not disclosed by the officials.
 Other departments of the company were warned to be out of bounds, so it was not
possible to study in detail their activities and overall atmosphere.
 The company by policy never reveals its financial information and this limits the
entirety of the study.
 The detailed data of other companies related to the same business could not be
obtained and hence a comparative study was not possible.
 Most of the employees were busy with their jobs so much interaction was not
possible.

CHAPTER 2
INDUSTRY PROFILE

1.6 INDUSTRY PROFILE
HISTORY
The news has at one point or another played a part in every one of our lives. Whether it is a
weather report giving flash-flood warnings, information on presidential campaigns, or an
obituary citing the death of a television personality, we crave it. Until the recent development
and affluence of the Internet as a news source, newspapers have globally been the primary
source of current events. Having become part of a daily routine in most lives little is known
of the immense history this learning tool holds.
The story begins some five centuries ago in Europe. Here, merchants would distribute
newsletters written by hand containing information regarding the weather, economic
conditions, wars and human-interest stories. Although this was the first known form of
distributed written information, the country accredited with the creation of the first
newspaper is Germany. In the late fifteenth century, a cross between a brochure and a
pamphlet was dispersed among the people, the text containing highly sensationalized stories
along with description of the current news events.
America, however, was a step behind. Public Occurrences, Both Foreign and Domestic, was
the first newspaper published in America. Printed by Richard Pierce, and edited by Benjamin
Harris, the first copy issued on September 25, 1690 would also be the last. It filled only 3
sheets of paper measuring six by ten inches, the equivalent of filling half of the front page of
a newspaper today (14" x 23"). The paper had intended to be issued once a month.
The sudden discontinuation of Public Occurrences would mean the last news offered to
Americans for the next few years. Instead, newspapers published in London were read even
though the "first true newspaper in English was the London Gazette, published four years
later in 1666.
Fourteen years later, back in America, John Campbell, a bookseller appointed Postmaster of
Boston, became the editor of the Boston News-Letter. The first issue was dated Monday,
April 17 to Monday April 24, 1704 and contained only one advertisement. This was produced
weekly and continued to be so even when William Brooker was appointed Postmaster to
replace Campbell. Campbell refused to authorize the use of the title "News-Letter" to anyone

else so Brooker called his newspaper the "Boston Gazette". Seven months later, Philip
Musgrave was awarded the position of Postmaster in Boston and replaced Brooker. At this
time, James Franklin, the printer of the Gazette, was also replaced. He wanted to start his own
newspaper even though friends and family dissuaded him from doing so by telling him that
Boston already had a sufficient number of newspapers (2) and a third could not survive.
Despite this, Franklin went ahead and published his own newspaper, the New England
Courant. The first issue was printed on August 19, 1721 making it the fourth newspaper
published in America.
When James Franklin published an editorial criticizing the government, he was sent to prison.
James' 13 year old brother and apprentice, Ben, took over the work of laying type, printing,
and delivery of the issues. Six months later, James Franklin was forbidden to publish any
more newspapers so the masthead now carried the name "Ben Franklin" as editor and
publisher. Ben, now legally free of being an apprentice, and having a dislike for his brother
James, ran away to New York and later to Philadelphia. The New England Courant kept
publishing issues claiming Ben Franklin was editor and publisher until 1726 without anyone
being the wiser.
GLOBAL SCENARIO
The fact that newspapers had been so scarce in Europe, America, and many other continents
is due to many factors. To find a literate man was no easy task after Europe was emerging
from the black age. Paper was extremely expensive, and hard to come across, and the task of
printing was long and laborious. The latter was still a problem even with the invention of the
printing press in 1436.
A 39-year-old Johann Gutenberg came up with a printing method, where, by arranging
stamps displaying the letters of the alphabet, one could construct a page of literature to be
copied numerous times. This became known as the Gutenberg Press, one of the greater
inventions the fifteenth century held. Although a giant improvement from hand copying, this
method still required the rearrangement of the letters each time a new page was to be printed.

In the early 1800's the development of continuous rolls of paper enhanced the original
Gutenberg Press as did a steam-powered press and a way to use iron instead of wood for
building presses. This added efficiency of printing made the prices of printed goods more
reasonable hence the term "penny press". This phrase originated when newspaperman
Benjamin Day dropped the price of his New York Sun to a penny a copy in 1833. Historians
have accredited the "penny press" as the first true mass medium.
Advancement in the history of printing was the origin of Linotype, a method of creating
movable type by machine instead of by hand. This was introduced in 1884 and marked a
significant leap in production speed. In terms of the use of computers in the field of printing,
especially newspapers, the progression is unbelievable. From the first daisy-wheel and dot
matrix "impact" printers to common use of the non-impact printers: ink-jet, laser and thermal-
transfer, printing presses are on the brink of becoming a thing of the past.
The big question regarding what the future holds for the old-fashioned newspaper is whether
or not it will be overcome by the use of the Internet. Studies show that from 1992 to 1997, the
weekly hours of using the Internet has increased from 1.8 hours, to 9.1. Although the
evidence is convincing that in the future the use of computers will obliterate that of
newspapers, sometimes the tangible aspect is too great to give up for a color monitor.
But today the situation has going to change drastically and new advent technology are used in
to the all over world. The best result of such technology is Electronic newspapers (on-line
versions of city newspapers), which started in the late 1990s, have expanded to the point that
now thousands of the world's newspapers are now on the Internet. It has a major benefit that
publishing on-line newspaper saves the publishers two of their biggest expenses: newsprint
and distribution costs. But on-line articles are not as in-depth as the print versions. And hence
the print media plays a significant role even if there is a stiff competition from various
electronic media.

SL.NO NEWSPAPER COUNTRY
1 The New York Times United States
2 The Guardian United Kingdom
3 The Daily Mail United Kingdom
4 The Wall Street Journal United States
5 The Washington Post United States
6 The People’s Daily China
7 The Daily Telegraph United Kingdom
8 USA Today United States
9 Los Angeles Times United States
10 EL Mundo Spain
INDIAN SCENARIO
Before Freedom: History of print media and written communication follows the progress of
civilization which in turn moves in response to changing cultural technologies. The transfer
of complex information, ideas and concepts from one individual to another, or to a group,
underwent extreme evolution since prehistoric times. It has been 30,000 years later since the
first recorded evidence of written communication and it is still dramatically changing. The
Press in India, particularly the Indian language newspapers, was in the forefront of the
struggle for freedom. Many leaders from Mahatma Gandhi downwards used their newspapers
to activate the people to participate in the freedom struggle. But the newspapers are no longer
active in the fight against poverty, disease, illiteracy and superstition.
Political leaders used the Press to rouse the people. It was, therefore, natural that the British
rulers of India used every weapon in their armory to silence the nationalist press. Newspapers
always had the sword of Damocles hanging over their head. Security was asked at the
slightest pretext and editors and publishers were prosecuted for sedition. Some editors were
even transported to the Andaman. For the editors and people who worked in newspapers,
journalism was a mission. Even captains of commerce who published newspapers treated this
activity as their contribution to the struggle for freedom. Wages for journalists were poor and
there was no security. Newspaper publication was not profitable and journalism was not

paying as compared to other professions but things changed after Independence and each year
saw acceleration in change.
In India, whilst newspapers came much later as opposed to Europe or America, it has a rich
pedigree of being a witness and a catalyst to the birth and growth of the nation. The first
newspaper published in India was the Bengal Gazette started by James Augustus Hickey in
1780. Although the paper was rather frivolous in nature as it mostly only published gossip
and advertisements, the thriving media industry owes its existence to James Augustus Hickey
and his Gazette. Soon after, papers such as Bombay Herald and the Bombay Courier were
started in the country. Interestingly, the Bombay Courier later merged with the Times of India
newspaper. In 1818, the first regional language newspaper Samachar Darpan was published
in Bengali. The Bombay Samachar started in 1822, remains to this day the oldest newspaper
in Asia. In the pre independence era, newspapers had one agenda in their minds – to further
their ideology. Bal Ganghadar Tilak is a prominent stalwart of the pre-independence era and
a revolutionary leader who used his newspaper as a vehicle of communicating his ideas and
ideals of the freedom struggle. Kesari, which was established in 1880, was published in
Marathi. Prior to 1947, the newspaper industry had only one goal – to proliferate the cause of
Independence.
After India became Independent in 1947, British owners of the newspapers like The Times of
India also left the country, handing over the businesses to Indian companies. Editors of pro-
freedom struggle Indian newspapers had anti-British stance till 1947. These newspapers
gradually changed their approach; some became pro-establishment and the others adopted
aggressive anti-establishment strategies. The publishers during the subsequent decades
expanded their groups and chains with additions of new editions at other centers or new
publications.
It means after the independence of India scene of print media has changed. There has been a
phenomenal rise in the number of newspapers and their circulation. The number of pages has
increased. The quality of production has improved all rounds. Even medium Indian language
newspapers have taken advantage of the advances in printing and communication technology
to bring out multiple edition dailies. The best example of this one is Daily Sakaal which is
among the first newspapers not only in Maharashtra but also in India, to have adopted
modern management systems and processes. It has deployed the latest technology made
available through partners who are world leaders in their areas of specialization. Newspapers

of the big chains face a stiff competition from these newspapers because they are equally well
produced. What is more, being rooted in the soil they are more aware of local problems and
so they playing active role in the fight against poverty, disease, illiteracy and superstition.
Color printing has made the newspapers more attractive. Areas of national activity like
commerce now find a prominent place in almost all-Indian language newspapers. New
sectors of commerce and industry became available to businessmen. They found newspapers
useful in influencing the Government and the people. Some British-owned newspapers
passed into Indian hands and started newspapers in Hindi and other Indian languages. The
government accepted the demand for security of service for people working in newspapers
and news agencies. All this helped in the growth in the number of newspapers and their
circulation. The eighties and nineties saw the growth of medium Indian language newspapers.
They adapted the latest printing and communication technology to bring out multiple
editions.
After Freedom: Post 1947, newspapers in India had a choice to make – either align with the
government and support all its initiatives or act as a critique to the newly democratized
country and its head. Newspapers at first acted as unofficial sponsors of its various initiatives
and schemes. The five year plan especially came highly endorsed by the national newspapers.
Most of the newspapers in India came into existence post independence. Today thousands of
magazines and newspapers are in circulation. Whilst in the early days of democracy, the
Indian government enjoyed full support of the media houses.
In the pre-Independence era, the editorial in a newspaper was widely read for the lead it gave
and used newspaper as an instrument of social change. But in the new era, the editorial
became shorter in length and weak in impact. The new generation of industrialist-publishers
is now more interested in profits instead of society‘s obligation. Therefore, they closed down
serious literary and political publications so as to retain the profit from the flagship
publications. The tendency grew to treat the newspaper more as a marketable product than as
an instrument of social change
Turbulent 1970's: The decade of 1970s was a turbulent phase for media. The state-owned
television channel was launched in 1972 and the press was unsure about the possible impact
of the electronic medium on the newspapers. The press was subjected to censorship during
the period of Internal Emergency clamped by the Indira Gandhi government in 1975. After

the Emergency was revoked 19 months later, the Press appeared to have reborn with vigor.
Even though today, the newspaper are being used by the reader for more analysis of political
and social news.
Presently in the 21st century, Indian print media is one of the largest print media in the world.
The Times of India being the 8th most circulated newspaper in the world. With a daily
circulation of 3.146 millions, The Times of India tops the list of the best newspapers in India,
followed closely by local language papers. While Hindi dailies Dainik Bhaskar (2.547
million) and Dainik Jagran (2.168 million) compete for the second and third place
respectively, the Malayala Manorama stands fourth with a daily circulation of 1.514 million.
Circulation of the newspapers is certified by the Audit Bureau of Circulation (ABC).
CURRENT SCENARIO
Today various modern and sophisticated technologies are using by the print media in both
developed and under-developed countries and they also face stiff competition from electronic
media. The circulation trends of the print media: newspaper and magazines in India and other
few countries and also that how the role of print media in the development communication is
changing in recent era needs to be studied. It also concentrates on what is the impact of new
electronic media on the print media.
Post 1947, newspapers in India had a choice to make – either align with the government and
support all its initiatives or act as a critique to the newly democratized country and its head.
Newspapers at first acted as unofficial sponsors of its various initiatives and schemes. The
five year plan especially came highly endorsed by the national newspapers. Most of the
newspapers in India came into existence post independence. Today thousands of magazines
and newspapers are in circulation. Whilst in the early days of democracy, the Indian
government enjoyed full support of the media houses.

Today, due to the changing and advanced technology used in printing and communication
media, print media get huge importance in mind of people. So it‘s become important to study
how the trend and role of print media is changing in development communication.
Print has more than 10000+ unique titles in India. 46% of the registered publications are in
Vernacular language. There are two sources of information for print evaluation – Indian
Readership Survey & National Readership Survey. The Audit Bureau of Circulation (ABC) is
a body that ratifies the circulation figures of the publications but is not used as a primary
source for evaluation of publications. Out of these above survey NRS has not been updated
since 2006, while IRS updates its survey results every quarter. The IRS provides both the
Average Issue Readership (AIR) which based on whether the respondent has read a
publication within its last period of publication (last one day for dailies, last one month for
monthlies etc) as well as Total Readership. It covers both Urban & Rural India under its
survey which represents around 876 Million.

COMPANY PROFILE

2.1 COMPANYPROFILE
Unlike other newspaper in Malayalam, the Malayala Manorama Company has achieved
unique and enviable growth both in production line and readership. Today Malayala
Manorama has nearly 1crore readership and extended the product line up to 45.
It shows the emerging growth and expansion of the organization to the new glorious levels.
It is because of the quality policy, trust, and leadership and communication style within the
organization. Every department shows their sincerity, hard work, commitment to achieve the
goals of Manorama family. It is essential to look deeply into the vision, mission, goals,
objectives, various department functions, product profile and services which keep them ahead
of its competitors.
HISTORY
According to the Audit Bureau of Circulation Malayala Manorama is the 2nd largest
circulating news paper in India with a brand icon value among the historical perspective of
news paper industry. This induces in us an eagerness to know how Manorama has built a trust
in the minds of the readers, what were the challenges faced and the milestones covered by the
firm.
Manorama Family
Malayala Manorama was founded by Kandathil Varghese Mapillai on March 14, 1888 at
Kottayam, a small town in the state of Travancore, currently, a part of Kerala State. Malayala
Manorama, the most trusted name in print media was contributed by Vilvattathu Raghavan
Zambia from Thiruvalla. Kerala Varma granted Manorama the symbol which is a part of the
Travancore Kingdom symbol. It was the first joint stock publishing company in India. The
company started with one hundred shares of Rs 100 each. The investors paid in four equal
instalments. The first instalment was good enough to buy a press. It was a small treadle press,
a Hopkinson & Cope, made in London. As it is a treasure, it is kept safely at the head
quarters of Malayala Manorama KOTTAYAM.

It took two years after the establishment of the company for the first issue to come out and it
was on March 22, 1890. It was a four-page weekly newspaper, published every Saturday.
But, Kandathil Varghese Mappillai the pioneer behind the firm decided to be different, and
secular. He was a man of letters. Varghese Mappillai wanted Manorama to stay close to the
people at the base level. He wanted to bring about a change in the social conditions and
practices. Manorama’s very first editorial spoke for pulayas, the untouchables who could not
even walk on public roads. He tried for pointing out the problems faced by the society and to
stand with them. His eye opening words recommended the rights of pulayas to get educated.
The editor and his readers belonged to the landed gentry. The landed gentry were oppressors
of pulayas and did not want them to be educated. But the editor had the courage of conviction
to swim against the current. Thus began Manorama’s unflagging fight against injustice and
iniquity, and people grew close to it. Manorama grew with them, too. Those were years of
struggle and evolution, power and glory, repression and rebirth. After the death of Kandathil
Varghese Mappillai in July 6, 1904, his nephew K.C.Mammen Mappillai who was a teacher
became its editor. The uncle had groomed the nephew, who proved a worthy successor.
The weekly newspaper became a bi-weekly in 1901, a tri-weekly in 1918 and a daily in
1928.various aspects of the society received benefits from the firm. The motto stood precisely
to collect news regarding the social issues and problems in Travancore. There was a time
where the agents enquired for collecting advertisements for the news paper. News paper has
created tremendous influence in the Travancore. People rushed to see even a piece of news
paper. Manoramma strongly focused on quality printing, and truthful news. Varughese
Mappillai always desired to change the style, font and design. He never focused on figures.
Contribution Towards Agriculture Sector
As mentioned Varughese Mappilai a future focused personality, has motivated farmers to
start rubber plantation, and highlighted the possibilities of planting rubber.
Creating Job Opportunities
It was an era of lack of decent jobs. Malayala Manorama created large opportunities to be
part of their venture with additional benefits.
Creating Network of Friendships:

Varughese Mapillai valued his friendship groups which include politicians, lawyers,
entrepreneurs, novelist, poets, social reformers and strong communication with various
spiritual personalities. They had been a strong support for upgrading Malayala Manorama
towards new heights.
Family members were the strong supporters of Malayala Manorama. Every one stood with a
vision and tried the level best to do their part.
A Sacred Trust was Born
For more than a century Malayala Manorama has had a stimulating effect in the mind of the
malayalee. It reflects the social progress, cultural sensibility and even set political agenda.
Malayala Manorama has gone through both good and worse times since its establishment.
Encounters with extinction were part of its exciting evolution. It has been a saga of courage
and endurance, of triumph of excellence, of dedication and commitment to the people and
their aspirations.
Kandathil Varghese Mappillai launched Malayala Manorama while he was a teacher. He was
only 31 at that time. Even the Maharajah of Travancore, Sree Moolam Thirunal, held him in
high esteem. The Maharajah gave Manorama the Royal Coat of Arms. With a slight
modification, it adorns the newspaper’s logo, to this day. Kandathil Varghese Mappillai
campaigned, through editorials, for human rights and greater powers for the legislature. He
sparked many a political debate. And he spent reams on literature, throwing the pages of
Manorama open to the finest poets and writers. He nurtured new talent. Soon after its birth,
Manorama triggered a war over alliteration. It was the fiercest literary debate in the history of
Malayalam. Literature was intoxicating stuff those days. In 1891 Kandathil Varghese
Mappillai formed a literary club, Bhashaposhini Sabha. It helped develop the language and
break barriers of caste. The sabha held keen literary contests. An offshoot of the Sabha was
Bhashaposhini magazine, which Kandathil Varghese Mappillai launched in 1892. It remains
the most respected literary journal in Malayalam. The 50 years from 1904 were eventful for
Malayala Manorama.
Countdown Begins
It was the time when Manorama has been emerging towards the successful path, and strongly
been a part of society by reporting the problems. Malayala Manorama was in the forefront of
the struggle in the princely state of Travancore. The paper was actively involved in the civil

rights agitation, the formation of the Travancore State Congress and the historic campaign for
responsible government. K.C.Mammen Mappillai’s trenchant writings and public speeches
invited the wrath of the all-powerful Divan Sir. C.P.Ramaswami Aiyer., after it reported how
the police assaulted and shot people agitating for civil rights.
He banned Manorama for its candid reporting on police firings and atrocities against people
demanding democratic rights at Neyyattinkara on September 1, 1938. On September 10,
1938, armed police confiscated the Manorama office in Kottayam and sealed its doors. Later,
K.C.Mammen Mappillai was arrested and all his property confiscated. He played a pivotal
role in the Abstention Movement and several other mass initiatives for civil rights and
responsible government. Everywhere his voice throbbed with the spirit of freedom. The day
Manorama was banned was the saddest in the life of K.C.Mammen Mappillai. He walked out
of jail two years.
A New Beginning
Words lay dead in the throat for nine years. India won freedom on August 15, 1947. K.C.
Mammen Mappillai built Manorama all over again after the country attained freedom.
Malayala Manorama was back on November 29, 1947. It was a glorious rebirth. It eventually
became the best-read newspaper in India. K.C.Mammen Mappillai breathed his last on first
day of 1954. And the people raised in his memory the K.C Mammen Mappillai Memorial
Hall in Kottayam. This beautiful edifice stands in perpetual tribute to a man who built an
empire in human hearts.
K.C.Mammen Mappillai built into Manorama the kind of grit and determination Indian
Journalism had only seen rarely. He maintained the secular and literary tradition set by his
uncle. And he infused it with a new vigorous setting, a lively style, starting columns for
women and children, and initiating debates on politics and Industry. Opening windows to the
world outside, he made Manorama a powerful catalyst of social change. He made Malayala
Manorama delve into diverse fields. Popularizing rubber cultivation, he gave Kerala’s
economy a new bounce. Rubber became the economic backbone of Kerala’s midlands. For
nine long years Malayala Manorama lay in chains. It was a heavy price paid for freedom of
expression. The 1930s were tempestuous years of India’s struggle for freedom. On
K.C.Mammen Mappillai’s death, his eldest son K.M. Cherian took over as chief editor in
1954. His immediate goal was the emotional integration of the people of Travancore, Cochin
and Malabar, which were uniting to form the state of kerala.

.He won acclaim for the admirable effort. He cherished lofty ideals and kept his father’s last
dictum close to his heart. But it was a struggle running the impecunious institution. And there
was severe challenge from militant trade unionists. K.M. Cherian had immense faith in his
employees. “If you don’t want this institution to survive, I also don’t want it,” he told
them. They came around and stood by him. Under his inspiring leadership Manorama
steadily gained strength and launched an edition from Kozhikode in 1966. K.M. Cherian also
started a few other successful publications. The circulation of the newspaper soared from
30,000 to 300,000, and that of Manorama Weekly, which he had revived in 1956, rose to
329,000. K.M. Cherian was chairman of Press Trust of India and president of the Indian
Newspaper society. He received several national honors, including Padma Shri and Padma
Bhushan. He died on March 14, 1973. If Kandathil Varghese Mappillai conceived Manorama
and K.C.Mammen Mappillai molded its character, K.M. Cherian breathed new life into it.
And he won it national glory.
Change in Technologies
Mr. K.M.Mathew, the younger brother of K.M.Cherian joined Manorama as general
Manager in 1954 and held the reins with a steady hand. He soon became managing editor.
K.M. Mathew had proved his mettle as a coffee estate manager in Karnataka and was running
a successful business in Mumbai. At 37, he had little experience in running a newspaper. He
was, however long on courage. K.M. Mathew’s style-of journalism and management-had a
magical effect on Manorama’s fortunes. When K.M Cherian died in 1973, K.M Mathew
succeeded him as chief editor. He nurtured Manorama and made it branch out like a giant
banyan tree. Almost every publication from the Malayala Manorama group became the
largest selling in India. Yet, K.M. Mathew is best known for his caring, nurturing brand of
journalism. While spurring Manorama into circulation conquests and spawning other best-
selling publications he practiced an endearing brand of journalism-journalism with a human
touch. He triggered a host of development projects in Kerala by initiating a series of seminars
on Industry. At the same time, he launched several campaigns for protection of the
environment. In the 1980’s he set an easy-to-read writing style for the mass circulated
Manorama Weekly. He changed the typing mode towards computer technologies.
Implemented new system software’s for the easy printing and getting updated in news within
a short span. He realizes that innovation in full aspects is needed in challenging environment.

Online news, news channels were launched. It sustained the reading habit of neo-literate
adults. Down to Earth, he honoured the farmer- with a biannual award and a monthly
magazine. He has won several awards himself, including the Padma Bhushan. And the B.D
Goenka Award for excellence in journalism. K.M. Mathew regularly sharpened Manorama’s
managerial and technological edge. And he honed its news-gathering skills. But he excelled
himself in building emotional bonds with the readers, giving information with the human
touch. He breathed his last on August 1, 2010. Under the leadership of K.M. Mathew,
Malayala Manorama grew into 17 Editions and crossed a circulation of more than 2.13
million copies.
After the death of Mr. K.M. Mathew, his eldest son Mr. Mammen Mathew became the Chief
Editor and Managing Director of Malayala Manorama. Mammen Mathew has 44 years of
experience that saw him working with reputed publications in India and abroad. After
finishing BA and MA in Medieval Indian History from St. Stephen's College in Delhi, he
underwent editorial training in The Times of India. He then joined Malayala Manorama as its
Delhi correspondent. In 1970, he became the Resident Editor of Malayala Manorama's
Kozhikode Unit. He assumed charge as General Manager and Managing Editor of Malayala
Manorama in Kottayam in 1980, and eight years later became the Editor as well as the
Managing Director. Now under the leadership of Mammen Mathew the march goes on,
winning hearts every step of the way.
MANAGEMENT
Chief Editor: Mammen Mathew
Executive Editor: Jacob Mathew
Editor & Managing Director: Philip Mathew
VISION
In a nutshell the Mission of Malayala Manorama is “Charity is our Household Divinity”
and vision is “Neethiyukthamaya Swathanthramaya Sathyasanthamaya
Pathrapravarthanam”.

 High Trust-Through Family Culture
 Faces All Problem-Still maintains spirit of Harmony
 Delegates and Develops-Yet retain Honesty
 Helps others Succeed-Yet remains Informal
 High Performance Standards-Which Allows Transparency
 Highly Innovative-In being Ambitious
 Process Happening-Create sense of Belongingness
MISSION
The Mission of Malayala Manorama is “Dharmosamath Kuladaivam” meaning
“Charity is our house hold divinity”. Manorama exists to lead the people to a
righteous lignin. Malayala Manorama has been socially conscious and welfare oriented
organization. It has an effective management and a decentralized system of decision
making.
GOALS
 To satisfy the Readers with credible news.
 Finding out the social, political, economic issues in the environment and reporting it
truthfully.
 Not to be profit oriented, but to be service oriented.
 Keeping a strong relationship bond with the readers, agents, subscriber, and
advertising agencies. And external Environment which they are related.
 Keeping a track of continuous Innovation in style, quality font size of news paper.

MILESTONES
1888 – Malayala Manorama Company is founded by Kandathil Varghese Mappillai on March
14.
1890 – The first issue of Malayala Manorama (weekly newspaper) was printed on March 22.
1892 – Bhashaposhini literary magazine launched.
1901 – Manorama turns bi-weekly on August 7.
1915 – Manorama starts publishing World War supplements.
1918 – Manorama turns tri-weekly on July 2
1928 – Manorama becomes a daily on January 16
1929 – Akhila Kerala Balajana Sakhyam formed on May 29
1930 – Manorama begins publication of annual numbers
1937 – Manorama Weekly is launched on August 8
1938 – Manorama proscribed in Travancore on September 10
1939 – K.C. Mammen Mappillai was convicted and imprisoned on trumpeted charges of
corruption and fraud.
1941 – Mammen Mappillai released after being absolved of all false cases.
1947 – From 29 November, Malayala Manorama re-commences regular publication.
1950 – Installation of the first rotary press
1951 – President Dr. Rajendra Prasad inaugurates diamond jubilee celebrations
1954 –
 K.M. Cherian becomes Chief Editor
 K.M. Mathew joins Manorama as General Manager

1956 – Manorama Weekly relaunched
1957 – Inauguration of Mammen Mappillai Memorial Hall, Kottayam
1959 – Manorama Yearbook, in Malayalam, released
1965 –
 Manorama Yearbook’s English edition released
 K.M. Cherian was awarded Padma Shri
1966 –
 President S. Radhakrishnan inaugurates Platinum Jubilee Celebrations
 Kozhikode Edition Launched on December 1
1971 – K.M. Cherian was awarded Padma Bhushan
1972 – Balarama was launched
1973 – K.M. Mathew becomes Chief Editor and Mammen Varghese General Manager
1975 – Vanitha was launched
1979 – Kochi Edition of the daily launched on January 15
1980 – Manorama won National Award for Newspaper Design
1982 – ‘The Week’ magazine launched on December 26
1986 – President Giani Zail Singh inaugurates facsimile transmission system at Manorama,
Kottayam, on August 30
1987 – Kerala Chief Minister K.Karunakaran inaugurates Thiruvananthapuram edition on
February 16
1988 –
President R.Venkataraman inaugurates Manorama’s centenary celebrations at
Kottayam on March 23
 Commemorative postage stamp released

 Mammen Mathew becomes editor and managing director on September 1
1990 - Tamilnadu Governor Dr.Bhish Narain Singh releases Manorama Year Book in Tamil
on March 15.
1992 – Chief Minister K.Karunakaran inaugurated Palakkad Edition on April 22
1993 – Manorama Vision, the electronic media vision, launched on October 15
1994 – Chief Minister K.Karunakaran inaugurated Kannur edition on December 17
 Vijayaveedhi launched on January 5
1995-
 Manorama Music launched on January 1
 Karshakasree Magazine launched on September 2
1997 – Thozhilveedhi released on December 4
1998 –
 K.M. Mathew was awarded Padma Bhushan on April 12
 Kerala Chief Minister E.K.Naynar inaugurated Thrissur Edition on September 14
1999 –
 Malayala Manorama got certified to ISO 9001 Standard
 Balarama Digest released on November 13
2000 –
 Magic Pot released on March 1
 Vidhyarambham programme begins in all Manorama Units
2001 –
 Vice-president Krishnan Kant inaugurated the Malappuram unit on February 25
 Executive Editor Jacob Mathew elected to the Executive Council of the World
Association of Newspapers (WAN)

2002-
 Online department launched on 20th June
 Mumbai Edition Of Malayala Manorama Launched on January 11
 Bangalore and Chennai editions launched on January 16
 Manorama School of Communications (MASCOM) inaugurated on June 18
2003 – Manorama was selected as Super brand 2003-2004
2004 - Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh inaugurates Manorama’s Delhi edition
2005 –
 Editor and Managing Director Mammen Mathew were awarded Padma Shri and Rajiv
Gandhi Award for excellence in journalism.
 A special page for students, ‘Padippura’, was introduced on June 3
2006 –
 Manorama e-paper launched on January 1
 Malayala Manorama Pala Thulli campaign wins UNESCO-IPDC Prize for Rural
Communication
 Manorama News, MM TV’s 24-hour news and current affairs channel, launched on
August 17
2007 –
 A.K. Antony, Union Minister of Defense inaugurates Pathanamthitta Edition on May
28
 Malayala Manorama becomes the only Regional Language Daily in India to cross 15
lakhs copies
 Radio Mango Launched.
2010 - Mammen Mathew becomes the chief editor

2011 – Mazhavil Manorama, MM TV’s 24-hour entertainment channel launched
2012 – Alappuzha Edition Launched.
2013 – President of India, Shri. Pranab Mukherjee inaugurated the 125th Anniversary
Celebrations of Malayala Manorama on March 16.
2014- Closing ceremony of 125th anniversary celebration was inaugurated by Honourable
Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh at New Delhi on March 14.
SISTER CONCERNS
MM PUBLICATIONS
Head quartered at Kottayam. It publishes all the above listed publications except Malayala
Manorama News Paper.
MM TV
Head quartered at Aroor, Alappuzha District. They Launched a 24*7 TV News channel on
17th August 2006. MM TV was the biggest diversification effort in the history of Malayala
Manorama, a Turning point in a long journey. MM TV is about to launch their new
Entertainment Channel.
MANORAMA VISION
Manorama vision is a separate division based in Cochin. It Was launched on 18th October
1993.it is the electronic media division engaged in the production of serials, Telefilms, TV
Commercials, and software programs telecast on the Malayalam Television channels. It also
functions as a registered advertising agency. Manorama vision also Makes TV
documentaries.
MANORAMA MUSIC
Manorama Music was launched on 1st June 1995. This electronic entertainment division of
Malayala Manorama has been in the production of high quality musical CD s and cassettes
over the year and has become a brand icon in musical industry of Kerala.

RADIO MANGO
The FM service of Manorama was launched in four urban centres in Kerala in 2007. Radio
Mango offers a wide range of programs ranging from entertainments to informatory services.
The caption ‘Nattilengum Pattai’ itself opens up the entertainment focus of Radio Mango.
There are 4 stations all over Kerala. Cochin, Kannur, Thrissur, Kozhikode are the main
stations.
M4 MARRY
M4 Marry .com is an exclusive Malaya lee Matrimonial portal from Malayala Manorama
group. Through this portal one can finds out a pair for himself much easily and effectively.
HELLO ADREESS
Hello address .com is the real estate portal from Malayala Manorama. It offers a wide range
of real estate dealings through which one can find out the property he is looking for with less
effort. It is very helpful for the common people as they didn’t need the help of the middle
men and their commission.
MASCOM
Naturally, a passion for coaching journalists has played a key role in Manorama’s evolution.
As Manorama grew bigger and spawned new publications, it set up an in-house training
centre in the 1970s. The inspiration was The Thomson Foundation, in the UK, where several
Manorama staffers had trained. Then, in the new millennium, Manorama opened a fully
fledged school, MASCOM, to meet the demands of the ICE age. Established in 2002,
MASCOM offers an eleven-month course in mass communication in two languages- English
and Malayalam. The teaching methods and standards are world class. It is a rigorous training
program that has produced well-rounded journalists and communication professionals.
Former students say MASCOM is a mind-expanding experience.

COMPETITORS
There is intense competition in the state from other news papers and also from also 18
different. The political parties in the state and the religious groups in Kerala also have their
own news papers and TV channels. In the light of the above factors, Kerala is one of the
states in India where there is highest competition amongst print media. The following are the
main competitors of Manorama.
Readership of top 5 Malayalam dailies
(source: Audit Bureau of Circulations, 2013)
Daily Readership (in lakhs)
Malayala Manorama 99
Mathrubhumi 63
Deshabhimani 33.06
Kerala Kaumudi 13.04
Madhyamam 11.45
TECHNOLOGICAL EDGE OF MALAYALA MANORAMMA
Being a print media Manorama requires a well equipped and adequate technological backup.
During 1980’s Manorama brought in much modern technological advancement so as to
provide a basis for its technical growth. Manorama implemented various versions of
application software and operating systems from late 1990s onwards.
Operating systems that were initially used include Windows NT, Windows 3.1 dose version.
Rocket folio was the main software used. Manorama has always taken care of keeping its
technology updated with the new changes.

CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES:
Reliance and BSNL Data Circuits:
They function as a leased point to point digital circuit for the bulk transport of data, voice and
video. It allows simultaneous two way transmission of digital signals at speed ranging from
64 kbps to 155Mbps. It has one point in India and other point in a foreign country.
Virtual Private Network
It is a network system which interconnects various office units. It also outsources buildings
and management. VPN helps communicate with employees while travelling.
ACCOUNTING SOFTWARES:
SAP (System Applications and Products)
It is the latest mode of financial accounting.
 Billing
 Agent Copy Management
 Finance billing
All business accounting network of Malayala Manorama has been interconnected with SAP.
DESIGNING SOFTWARES:
 Adobe Photoshop
 Acrobat d
 Disceller
 RIP (Rational Imaging Processor)
 ADOBE indesign software

PUBISHING CENTRES
In Kerala State:
 Kottayam
 Kozhikode
 Thiruvananthapuram
 Kochi
 Thrissur
 Kannur
 Kollam
 Palakkad
 Malappuram
 Pathanamthitta
 Alappuzha
In rest of India:
 Mangalore
 Bangalore
 Mumbai
 Chennai
 Delhi
In United Arab Emirates
 Dubai
In Bahrain
 Manama
In Qatar
 Doha

2.2 CSR ACTIVITIES OF MALAYALA MANORAMMA
 Pala Thulli
Launched in 2004, the ‘Pala Thulli’ project is aimed at water conservation and rainwater
harvesting. The paper devoted one full page every week to Pala Thulli. And it distributed free
information booklets in every towns and villages, and conducted a series of video shows,
exhibitions, seminars and road shows on saving water. Being inspired by the campaign, a
large number of government and private institutions built rainwater harvesting systems. Many
homes followed the model.
Students conducted surveys, ran cleanliness campaigns and discouraged mindless use of
plastic bags. To applaud them, Manorama instituted ‘Pala Thulli’ awards for the best student
campaigns. Pala Thulli won many awards, including the UNESCO – IPDC Prize for Rural
Communication. Malayala Manorama was also awarded Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Award for
the year 2004 for its innovative and effective campaign on ‘Pala Thulli’.
 Sukrutha Keralam ( Blessed Kerala)
Sukrutha Keralam is project for cleaning our environments. The project was mainly aimed at
the prevention of contagious diseases like dengue and chikunguniya. Manorama launched
Sukrutha Keralam to make people aware about the need for reducing and disposal of waste.
Manorama started articles in the daily, organized seminars, workshops, exhibitions and street
– plays to create awareness.
 Ente Malayalam
Manorama launched the campaign ‘Ente Malayalam’ (My Malayalam) to emphasize and
protect the importance of Malayalam. This fight to save the language was also a fight to save
Kerala’s culture, traditions, and life style. Writers, artists, scholars and lovers of nature and
bio-diversity helped Manorama involve the masses in ‘Ente Malayalam’. Kathayattom, a
unique show by renowned actor Mohanlal was one highlight of the campaign.

 Vidhyarambham
On Vijayadasami day, Manorama holds a massive Vidhyarambham, initiation into learning
for children in all its units across the country, with literary and cultural icons as Gurus. It has
become a cultural festival for children and a pilgrimage for the grownups, year after year.
1000s of children start their journey of learning every year at Manorama.
 Malayala Manorama Banegaon
Far away from Kerala, a village of golden sunflowers took a new name in 1995. It renamed
itself ‘Malayala Manorama Banegaon’. No one there reads Malayala Manorama. They only
love it. Banegaon was one of 40 villages in Later, Maharashtra, which crumbled in a massive
earthquake on September 30, 1993. Sharing the grief, Manorama opened a relief fund,
contributing to Rs 10 lakh, and appealed to its readers: “Let us reach out and touch the frozen
face of Latur”. The readers had no bonds with Latur; most of them had never even heard of
the place. Yet, within 45 days, the fund swelled to Rs 2.39 crore.
The state of Maharashtra allotted banegaon to Manorama for rebuilding. Renowned
architects, commissioned by Manorama, spent a month in Banegaon and visualized a holistic
village. Then a team of workmen hired by Manorama took over. In just 15 months, they built
an entire village: 163 houses, roads, a library, a hospital, a panchayat office, an open-air
theatre, a village parlour, a gymnasium, a tank to collect rainwater, and even a Hanuman
temple. All structures were built to withstand quakes of a magnitude of 6.5 on the ricter scale.
The villagers knew it. And they renamed the Village “Malayala Manorama Banegaon”
 Malayala Manorama Chapredi
Manorama rushed to Gujarat when an earthquake destroyed hundreds of villages there on
January 26, 2001. Raising funds from readers and well-wishers, it chose the peasant village
of Chapredi in Kutch for rebuilding. Chapredi lay 17 kilometers from Lodai, the epicenter of
the quake that killed 25000 people. As in Banegaon, a team from Manorama camped in
Chapredi for months. They brave barriers of language, harsh climate, coils of red-tape and
fear of the unknown in the aftermath of rioting that followed the Godhra train carnage of
February 27, 2002. The villagers warmed to them and helped them rebuild 119 houses, roads,

a community hall, a bus shelter, a temple, a mosque, a pigeon cage and a village gate. And
they inscribed Malayala Manorama Chapredi on the gate.
 Manorama Snehatheeram
Manorama went back to rebuilding houses as Kerala shed salty tears over the victims of
tsunami that invaded its coast in December 2004. With help from readers, Manorama
constructed 145 houses for tsunami survivors in three coastal villages in Kollam and
Alappuzha districts..
 Hridayapoorvam
In 1999, Manorama did a random survey of cardiac cases in Kerala and realized that many
patients had no money for life-saving surgery. Joining hands with Madras Medical Mission
Chennai, the newspaper launched a project for free heart surgery. It was called
‘Hridayapoorvam’, meaning Heartfelt. With the help of readers a fund was raised to the tune
of 3 crores. With their contributions, 530 patients underwent heart surgery at Madras Medical
Mission.
 Bhoomikkoru Kuda
It is a massive forestation program conducted by Malayala Manorama by distributing more
than 18 lakhs of plant saplings throughout Kerala in association with the State Forest
Department.
 Njangalundu Koode (Palliative Care)
It is a program to take care of bedridden patients, in association with the Institute of
Palliative Medicine, Calicut.
 Vazhikkannu (Road Safety project)
A road show project to create awareness among the people about the road accidents,
involving school children.

 SAVE Energy Project
It is a project to create awareness among the children about the importance of saving
electricity at their homes. The project won an International Award from WAN-IFRA Young
Readers Prize for this project.
 Nalla Padam
Nalla Padam is a social movement aiming at making school children in Kerala to creatively
participate in the socio- economic & environmental upliftment of the society. The purpose is
of weaning away the students from negative influences.
 Sooryakaanthi
Sooryakaanthi is a project of Malayala Manorama launched with a view of generating energy
from solar power for the present and future generations.
 Balajanasakhyam
It was found on 1929.The motto of Balajanasakhyam is to build leadership qualities and
creative energy and develop talents in children. Over the years it has grown into the largest
democratic institution of its kind in Asia. Its motto is “we serve”. It has branches in every
villages of Kerala. The members in the age group 6-18 elect the leaders to run the sakhyam. It
develops physical, mental, aesthetic abilities and initiates children’s community works.
ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
Culture implies a pattern of believers and behaviour. Organizational culture is the totality of
believes, customs traditions and values shared by the members of the organizational. The
cultural characteristics of an organization are relatively enduring overtime and relatively
static in the propensity to change. Organizational culture exercises a significant influence on
the attitudes behaving and performance of the organizational members.

Malayala Manorama, the most trusted name in print media has a splendid and enduring
culture. This was passed between the generations and makes Manorama what it is. The firm
keeps an intimate relationship with the employees. They protect and satisfy the needs of their
members. This is why all employees are strongly committed towards the organization and is
objectives. Whatever heights does Manorama attain is the collective and sincere effort of all
its employees.
Another feature that makes Manorama different from other organizations is the harmonic
brotherhood relation between its management and its employees. For Manorama employees
are the key elements of its success. Since its establishment, Manorama stood for its
employees, their safety and welfare. That’s why Manorama has always been able to keep its
employees satisfied. The firm considers serving society as one of its major responsibilities.
Manorama’s culture is largely reflected by its perspective and approach towards the society.
The firm always keeps an eye on all levels of the society. Through its deeds, they have
always shown a new way of upgrading societal values.
Manorama has certain quality policies which form the basis of all its endeavours. There is a
commitment tone another within Manorama, like its commitment to their work and society.
They respect each other and their mutual dependence. Manorama still hold the values of its
founder editor.
MARKET STATUS
The Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC) is a non – profit circulation –auditing
organization. It certifies and audits the circulation of major publications, including news
papers and magazines in India. According to their latest reports, Manorama is the 4th largest
circulating news paper in India & No1 daily language newspaper in Kerala with 22.32lakhs
of copies with a lead of 7.73 copies than their competitors.

PRODUCT PROFILE

2.3 PRODUCT LIST
Today Malayala Manorama is a highly successful Media House with a slew of immensely
popular publications and other products. Besides the daily Newspaper, it has publications for
different age groups based on different taste and needs. The following are the major products
of Malayala Manorama.
NAME FREQUENCY LANGUAGE TYPE
Balarama Weekly Malayalam Children
Arogyam Monthly Malayalam Health
Balarama Amar
chitra kadha
Fortnightly Malayalam Comics
Balarama Digest Weekly Malayalam Children
Bhashaposhini
Monthly Malayalam
Arts & literature
Karshakasree Monthly Malayalam Agriculture
Magic Pot Weekly English Children
The Man Monthly English Men
Smart Life Monthly English Society

Kalikkudukka Weekly Malayalam Children
Tell Me Why Monthly English Children
Thozhil Veedhi Weekly Malayalam Career
Vanitha Fortnightly Malayalam, Hindi Women
Vanitha Veedu Monthly Malayalam Property
Watch the India Monthly English Technology
The Week Weekly English General Interest
j
Manorama Year
Book.
Yearly Malayalam, Hindi General awareness
Fast Track
Monthly Malayalam Automobile
Manorama weekly Weekly Malayalam General Interest
News paper Daily Malayalam, Daily news

PRODUCT FEATURES
 MALAYALA MANORAMA DAILY
Malayala Manorama is a daily newspaper, in Malayalam language, published in the state of
Kerala, India, by The Malayala Manorama Co. Ltd. According to World Association of
Newspapers, as of 2008, it holds a position as top 26th most circulating newspaper in the
world (third largest circulating newspapers in India behind The Times of India and Dainik
Jagran and most widely read daily and number one in Kerala. It was first published as a
weekly on 14 March 1890, and currently has a readership of over 20 million, with a
circulation base of over 1.9 million copies)
 MALAYALA MANORAMA WEEKLY
It was launched on 8th August 1937. It has effectively captured the imagination of the readers
with fast paced novels, film star interviews, fast paced novels, jokes, home, trips, counselling,
jokes etc. It has about 54, 06, 000 readers. It is a weekly with 40 pages standard newsprint
that hits stands on Thursdays
 THE WEEK
The Week is an Indian weekly newsmagazine published by The Malayala Manorama Co.
Ltd. The magazine is published from Kochi and is currently printed in Delhi, Mumbai,
Bangalore and Kottayam. . According to the Audit Bureau of Circulations, it is the largest
selling English newsmagazine in India. It was launched in 26th December 1982. It captures
many facts of India in politics, religion, movies, arts and its people. ‘The Week’ reports and
analyzes current events and happenings around the world. It uses art paper and glazed news
print. It hits stands on Mondays. The Week’s competitors are India Today and Outlook.
 BHASHAPOSHINI
Bhashaposhini was launched on 25th April 1892 by Kandathil Varghese Mappillai. It is the
group’s second oldest publication and it brings forth the best of Malayalam prose and poetry,
short stories and dramas. It is also a platform for aspirant writers to display their skills. It
reflects the various dimensions of our vibrant art, culture and heritage. It has a circulation of
17, 809 copies per month. It is a monthly with 84 pages. It uses art paper and standard
newsprint. It hits stands on 10th of every month.

 KARSHAKASREE
Karshakasree was launched on 2nd September 1995. It updates small time farmer on how to
continuously improve his products. Tips are on farming methods enriched with research
support on scientific irrigation and agriculture. Main focus is on farmers and their families
with separate section for the urban audience ranging from horticulture to rearing pets. It
satisfied the needs of all classes of farmers in Kerala. It is a monthly with 76 pages. It uses
art paper and standard newsprint. It hits the stands on every month.
 VANITHA
Vanitha is an Indian magazine published fortnightly by the Malayala Manorama group.
Although its name translates to "woman" in Malayalam, it includes articles on a variety of
topics, and is not strictly a women's magazine. Vanitha was launched in 1975 as a monthly,
but turned into a fortnightly in 1987. The magazine was founded by Annamma Mathew, wife
of K. M. Mathew, a woman who has contributed immensely in the fields of social service,
cookery, journalism and literature. Vanitha launched a Hindi edition in 1997. Vanitha is
published by MM Publications from Kottayam. MM Publications is part of Malayala
Manorama Group. In 2004, the Malayalam edition of the magazine had a readership of over
of 3.7 million, making it the fifth-highest read magazine in India. In addition to being
released twice a month, Vanitha also includes special double issues for Onam, Easter, New
Year's Day and Christmas.
 THOZHILVEEDHI
Manorama Thozhil Veedhi is employment news weekly in Malayalam published by the
Malayala Manorama group from Kochi. Thozhil Veedhi is a good companion for job seekers
as it publishes details of Government Jobs, public as well as private job opportunities.
Thozhil Veedhi covers excellent materials where one can enhance knowledge on current
affairs. It publishes details of domestic as well as overseas job opportunities
 BALARAMA
Balarama is a Malayalam comic magazine published by M. M. Publications
Limited, Malayala Manorama Group from Kottayam, Kerala. Starting as a monthly in 1972,
it became a fortnightly periodical in November 1984, before finally settling as a weekly in
1999. The magazine is popular among both the urban and the rural population in Kerala, but
the reading is largely confined to children. Along with the comic strips (developed in-house
or syndicated), the content also includes short stories, serialized novels and various puzzles.

 KALIKKUDUKKA
It was launched in April 1994. It is a 36 page Malayalam weekly magazine for preschoolers
introducing them to the world of letters in a fun way. It targets children between 2 to 7 years
of age. It contains amusing activities, colouring pages, stories, riddles, puzzles etc. It also
helps the advertisers to reach young, discerning woman in Kerala. It uses are paper and
standard newsprints. It hits the stands on Tuesday.
 MAGIC POT
It was launched in 1st May 2000. It is a 52 page English fortnightly for nursery/primary
school children. It increases the intelligence, creativity and confidence of the children. It
features read aloud stories, action songs, join the dots, crafts and colouring pages and so on. It
is a fest for the tiny tots and their moms. It also helps the advertisers to reach the young
educated, affluent, women. It uses art paper and standard newsprints. It hits the stands on 1st
and 15th of every month.
 AROGYAM
It was launched in September 2004. It is a 84 page Malayalam Monthly which features
columns on First Aid, Anxiety Prevention, Yoga, Home remedies, Health flash, Hospitals and
medical technologies. The contributions from eminent doctors and medical experts increase
its credibility. Every issue focuses on a particular ailment, its prevention and cure. It is fast
becoming the favourite among the health conscious malayalees. It uses art paper, glazed
newsprints and standard newsprints.
 FASTTRACK
Manorama Fast track is a complete automobile magazine in Malayalam from the Malayala
Manorama Group. The magazine publishes informative articles on cars and two wheelers in a
simple language. Manorama Fast track covers latest news and reviews about cars and two
wheelers, information about automobile industry in India, details of latest auto accessories
and information about auto loan products from Banks and other financial institutions. A
notable feature of Fast track is the comparison of cars from different manufactures. Fast track
publishes comparison tests and test drive reports of latest cars and two wheelers. An
interesting feature of this magazine is a travelogue published in every issue covering
picturesque locations in India travelled in a select car model. The magazine has informative
regular features such as auto guru – a section where readers can request answers for their
automobile related questions, and buyers guide. Fast track is an excellent magazine for auto
enthusiasts to read in Malayalam for an economical prize.

SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS
 YEAR BOOK
It releases in 5 languages; English, Hindi, Bengali, Tamil and Malayalam. It brings
information, knowledge and fun facts at our finger tips. It is a reference companion and
information sources to all knowledge seekers. It also utilized for exams and entrance tests.
 ONAM ANNUAL
It is launched in August 1930. The special two volumes annual is a collector’s item. It makes
for spellbound reading with reverting novels, gripping stories, enthralling poems and other
fascinating features. It uses art paper and standard newsprints. ‘Onam Ponnonam’ which was
launched in September 2003 is a special gift for malayalees abroad.
 VISHUKKANI
It was launched in April 2002. It contains articles, memories, short stories, interviews,
features on marriage, travel, beauty, cuisine, etc.
 THIRUVABHARANAM
It is available in both Malayalam and Tamil. It is brought out during the Mandala Kala. It
includes articles on the legends and historical events in Sabarimala as well as road maps.
 THE MAN
It was launched in November 2004. This English magazine covers a range of themes to do
with modern Indian Male. It uses art papers. ‘The Man’ is a complete entertainment magazine
for men. It is a monthly English magazine which covers wide topics on fashion, gadgets,
automobile, travel, art and adventure.
 PARPIDAM
It was launched in March 2003. It is a comprehensive guide on entire construction industry
from dream home plans to interiors and exteriors, from cost cutting to maintenance.

 HIGHER EDUCATION DIRECTORY
The English magazine was launched in April 2001. It brings together information on career,
courses, educational institutions and much more. It has added sections on scholarships,
entrance tests and educational institutions abroad.
 VEEDU
It was launched in December 2003. It is the niche and premium magazine on interiors, a
comprehensive authority on loans, locations, plans and vaasthu. It also focuses on
construction materials, cost factors, maintenance and flooring materials. It is a complete
guide to dream homes.
 LIFESTYLE
This English magazine was launched in August 2004, helps to pick a lifestyle one would love
to lead.
 FASHION
This Malayalam Fashion guide launched in July 2002 has detailed do it yourself features in
selected dresses and their stitching patterns. It also focuses on new trends in accessories in
like jewellers, foot wears and bags.
 PACHAKAM
This cookery special collector’s item launched in July 2002 includes a wide range of recipes.
 VANITHA PLUS
This Malayalam magazine was launched in April 2005. It is an influential guide for a better
living. It paves the way for a better tomorrow
 TELL ME WHY
It is English monthly with 95 pages which is designed to attract the children segment. Each
issue on a specific subject and provides comprehensive information on all aspects of the
subjects.

 BALARAMA DIGEST
It is a 52 page weekly which presents knowledge is an attractive capsule format. The topic
range from sports to science, arts to history, films to fiction.
 AMARCHITHRAKATHA
It is a 52 page fortnightly that brings to life culture heritage of Indian mythology and history.
 SWAYAMVARAM
This 156 pages Malayalam wedding guide was launched in January 2003. It has details on
wedding costumes, jewelleries, sarees, catering etc.
OTHER PRODUCTS
Other products include Calendars, Diaries, Books, CDs, products from the week and
Balarama and other occasional publications like Amrutha, Gurupadam, Sixer, Kickoff,
Election guide and also Manorama Annual, CD ROM, Ente MalayalamCD ROM etc.
PRICE LIST EACH PUBLICATION
Publication Price (Rs)
Balarama 13
Arogyam
20
Balarama Amar Chithra Kadha
10
Balarama Digest
10
Bhashaposhini
13
Karshakasree
12
Magic Pot
10
The Man
100
Smart Life
30

Kalikkudukka
12
Tell Me Why
22
Thozhil Veedhi
7
Vanitha
20
Vanitha Veedu
14
Watch The India
20
The Week
20
Year Book
145
Fast Track
20
Manorama weekly
12
News paper
6.50

CHAPTER 3
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

2.4 ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
An organizational structure shows the authority and responsibility relationships between the
various positions in the organization by showing who reports to whom. It is a set of planned
relationships between groups of related functions and between physical factors and personnel
required for the achievement of organizational goals. Organization involves establishing an
appropriate structure for the goal –seeking activities. The structure of an organization is
generally shown on an organization chart on a job –task pyramid.
Organizational structure is very significant as it is directly relate to the attainment of the
organizational objectives. A good organizational structure should not be static but dynamic.
It should be subjected to change from time to time in the light of the changes in the business
environment.
Organizational structure affects organizational actions in two ways. First, it provides the
foundation on which standard operating procedures and routines rest. Second, it determines
which individuals have to participate in which decision making processes, and thus to what
extent their views shape the organization’s actions. It determines the duities and
responsibilities of each employee in accordence with thir position.

DEPARTMENT PROFILE
2.5 PERSONNEL& ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT
Every division has significant importance in building organization to achieve the goals and
targets. Beyond every division, personnel and administration division functions the key
activities like employee’s records and attendance system, statutory compliance, civil works,
and leasing, travel transport and event facilitation and also some minor activities like
reception, security, and housekeeping. The division also gives more value in handling charity
works and medical care.
FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
The functions undertaken by Personnel and Administration division can be summarized as
follows:
 Recruitment
 Employee records
 Attendance system
 Remuneration
 Discipline
 Work environment
 Civil work and leasing
 Purchase of land
 Travel and Accommodation
 Communication Systems
 Automobile
 Legal
 Security
 Reception and Public relation
 Employee welfare
 Insurance schemes
 CSR activities

RECRUITMENT
Recruitment is the process of attracting suitable applicants towards a vacancy in the
organization. Though the recruitment process is mainly undertaken by the Human Resources
division, the Personnel and Administration division also has a role in recruitment activities.
P&A division does the background check for selecting individuals.
EMPLOYEE RECORDS
It is essential for an organization to keep and maintain its employee records as long as they
persist in the organization. The Personnel and Administration division of Malayala
Manorama is mainly responsible for handling the personnel records and documents. As soon
as a new appointment is reported, the P&A division will start preparing his/her personal
record which includes the appointment order, bio data and certificates.
The Chief General Manager of P&A receives selection results, background clearance note
and management approval. Appointment letter is prepared by the Assistant Manager of P&A
and signed by the management. The CGM sends a copy of appointment order to all
concerned persons.
Assistant manager P&A verifies copies of certificates and gets all the forms filled by the
employee. He also arranges for the ID card and press card and also makes necessary
arrangements for opening a bank account. Retirement notice and relieving order are also
prepared by the Assistant Manager. The appraisal reports from HR division are received by
the Chief General Manager and he prepares probation, confirmation and extension letters.
Contract renewal, transfer and separation letters are also prepared by the CGM.
Front office assistants maintain attendance and leave records as per the specified standards.
The sanctioned leave applications are used to update attendance records. Authorized out pass,
attendance regularization forms, out station duty forms etc are used to regularize attendance
record.

In short the personnel records consist of the following:
 Appointment, Probation, Contract renewal, Confirmation, Separation and Transfer
letters.
 Payroll number, PF number
 ID cum swiping cards
 Press cards
 Attendance record
 Leave records
ATTENDANCE SYSTEM
The P&A division of Malayala Manorama have an automated attendance system. The
employees can mark their attendance with the help of an electronic punching system. The
front office assistants keep the records of employee attendance and it is managed by using
software.
REMUNERATION
The salary of employees is fixed by the management according to the grades they belong to.
When an individual joins the organization, the P&A division prepares the detailed salary
structure and hand it over to the finance division. The details of salary increment are also
recorded by the P&A division.
DISCIPLINE
It is the Personnel and Administration division that works behind the discipline of the
organization. The annual increment for all the employees who take more than five days of
leave a month is withheld and their attendance record will be under observation for the next
six months. After six months, if it is found that the employee has taken less than 40 days of
leave, the salary held will be released.

WORK ENVIRONMENT
In any organization the productivity of the employees is highly influenced by the work
environment that prevails. In Manorama, the Personnel and Administration division is mainly
responsible for maintaining a hygienic and fruitful working environment. Some of the staff of
P&A is specially assigned for housekeeping activities. They supervise the cleaning activities
and take care of all the materials and their well being. They handle all complaints regarding
any damage or destruction of materials and make necessary arrangements for their
replacement.
CIVIL WORK AND LEASING
This function involves lease of land and building, construction and maintenance of building.
These functions are carried out by the unit head and concerned personnel in the head office.
The details of land and building requirements are received from the management or the
concerned division. Land or building either to be leased or purchased is identified and the
proposal is sent to the top management for approval. Lease agreements are executed and
renewed periodically. Plans and estimates are prepared by the architects and submitted to the
management for approval and budget sanction. The concerned staff of P&A contacts
architects and contractors and prepares work order and purchase order.
P&A division carries out all unit level construction, maintenance and repairs. The budget is
also prepared by the P&A division.
PURCHASE OF LAND
The Personnel and Administration division undertakes purchase of land as per the
requirements of various construction projects.
TRAVEL AND ACCOMMODATION
The personnel and administration division caters the transportation and accommodation needs
of both management and staff. Ticketing requests from all divisions is sent with authorized
signatory to the concerned staff of P&A.T he expense incurred and other travelling allowance
is governed by travelling rules.

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
Communication is inevitable for any organization. The Personnel and Administration
division of Malayala Manorama is mainly responsible for maintaining an effective
communication system within the organization. The concerned staffs of P&A deal with all
aspects of communication including internet facilities. Communication within the
organization is made effective with the help of a Wide Area Network (WAN). Mobile
communication is also facilitated within the organization and SIM cards are provided for the
same. Tata, BSNL and Reliance are the major serviced providers.
AUTOMOBILE
The personnel and administration division of Manorama also deals with automobile. It serves
the needs that arise from various divisions for vehicles. The P&A division undertake
purchase, allotment and maintenance of vehicles. Automobile section is also in charge of
vehicle loans. All the activities involve d are effectively managed using the Vehicle
Maintenance Software (VMS).
LEGAL
The personnel and administration division of Malayala Manorama handles all legal matters
associated with the organization.
SECURITY
Ex-service men obtained from an agency are employed as security staff on contract basis.
They operate in three shifts and are responsible for handling visitors and issuing visitors pass.
RECEPTION AND PUBLIC RELATION
The receptionists of Malayala Manorama belong to P&A division. Apart from the routine
functions, receptionists perform some special tasks like making necessary arrangements for
meetings to be conducted within company premises and providing information regarding
railway and flight timings.

EMPLOYEE WELFARE
Malayala Manorama has great love and care for its employees. And all its employees seem to
be happy and satisfied being part of the company. Following are the employee welfare
programs of Manorama:
 Scholarship
Children of regular and retired contract employees are eligible for scholarship. Children in
high school who score 80percent and above and degree level who score 75percent and above
are given scholarship.
 Medical Check-up
A free medical check-up is conducted biannually for all the employees and their spouse. They
can also have laboratory diagnosis which will be arranged at any medical centres at
Kottayam.
 Free medical aid
The company has a system to get the list of employees who are absent for more than three
consecutive days. Company will enquire about the person and if their absence is due to some
illness, it will make necessary arrangements to have the best medical attention. In case an
employee is met with an accident during the duty time, he/she will be immediately taken to
District Hospital and all the expenses are borne by the company.
 Attendance Award
A cash award of rupees Rs.1000, 800 and 600 are given to employees who comes first,
second and third respectively in terms of attendance. An employee who receives the first
prize for four consecutive years is rewarded a special attendance prize of Rs.5000.

 Festival Advance
The company gives Rs.1250 in advance to all regular employees as festival advance for
Easter, Bakrid, Vishu and Onam..
 Complementary and Concessional sale of publications
Copies of the Malayala Manorama daily and Manorama weekly are given to employees free
of cost. Other publications are given at a concession rate based on employee grade and
category.
 Canteen
The canteen in Manorama has been is run by company subsidy. About 95percent of the actual
cost is given as subsidy. Breakfast, lunch, tea, snacks and dinner are served by the canteen.
The canteen is given for contract.
 Pension
Pension is given as per the rules and regulations stipulated in the Malayala Manorama
pension scheme. It is given for 10 years from the date of retirement. At present pension is
paid at the rate of 20 percent of the basic pay or Rs.3000 whichever is less.
INSURANCE SCHEMES
The personnel and administration division oversees the various insurance schemes employed
in the organization. The most important among them is the Employee State Insurance (ESI).
It is a policy implemented by the central government. All employees with a salary scale of
15000 or below are eligible for ESI. The insurance amount is 1.75% of the salary plus its
4.75% contributed by the company. The assets and various equipments of the company are
also insured and it is renewed every year.

P&A DEPARTMENT CHART
Security
Senior Manager
Manager
Deputy Manager,
Construction
Deputy Manager, P&A
Assistant Manager
Senior Executive, Automobile
Executive P&A Supervisors Executive Automobile
Welfare
Assistants,
House Keeper
Front office
Assistant Clerk
Front Office,
Reception
Stenographers,
Section Heads
Drivers, Peons
Chief General Manager

FUNCTIONS
Chief General Manager: Chief General Manager is the supreme authority of P&A
Department. He oversees all the functions and activities of the department and report directly
to the top management. The CGM receives selection results, background clearance note and
management approval. The appraisal reports from HR division are also received by the CGM
and he prepares probation, confirmation, extension, contract renewal, and transfer and
separation letters.
Senior Manager: Senior manager is the signing authority. He oversees the functions like
employee benefits and welfare.
Deputy Manager: Deputy Manager of construction oversees all the construction related
activities which include civil works and leasing. Deputy Manager P&A undertakes functions
like transportation, legal and communication.
Assistant Manager: Assistant Manager is responsible for functions of insurance schemes,
charity and employee records. When an employee joins the firm, the Assistant Manager
verifies copies of certificates and gets all the forms filled by the employee. He also arranges
for the ID card and press card and also makes necessary arrangements for opening a bank
account. Retirement notice and relieving order are also prepared by the Assistant Manager.
Senior Executive: Senior executive of automobiles handle all the automobile related
functions which include purchase, allotment and maintenance of vehicles.
Supervisor: Supervisor supervises all activities related to front office administration, canteen
facilities, housekeeping and security.

2.6 MARKETING DEPARTMENT
Marketing is closely related to the existence of every organization. Marketing is the backbone
of every business and even service sectors. Malayala Manorama has already created a brand
image in the minds of every individual in the society. “In Kerala TV is a medium, but print is
something an extra - extra large.” A firm utilizes their potentials and innovations and
different marketing strategies to step beyond every competitor.
For any business firm, marketing is all about selling their products or services. As far as a
print media is concerned the process of marketing includes space selling or time selling as
well. In Manorama, product selling is done by the circulation division and space selling and
or time selling is done by the marketing division.
BRAND VALUE
The history of over a century has seen the Malayala Manorama define the cultural and
political conscience of Malayalees. The core value of this brand goes far beyond journalism.
Embracing the role of an effective catalyst for social changes, a firm has made its potent
enough to shape and guide public opinion and use to accelerate economic and social progress
in Kerala.
PRESENCE IN ONLINE MARKETING
The new generation is more focused on social media and online sites. The firm has explored
newer distribution channels to reach the readers. It has launched an online edition, Manorama
online, in English as well as in Malayalam. Today, it has become the most popular news
portal for the huge online audience. Malayala Manorama has installed newspaper vending
machines at major airports in India. It is also available in major international hotels, where
machines vend the newspaper in tabloid form. Online subscribers get a digital version of the
paper as electronic mail every morning.

ACTIVITIES OF MARKETING DIVISION
 Space & Time selling
 Advertising
 Product management
 Market research
 Promotional activities
 Direct selling
 Radio Mango.
 SPACE & TIME SELLING
Space and time selling are the major functions that the finance division undertakes.
Advertisements form the major source of revenue for a newspaper. Advertisements are
charged according to the space that they cover. Different pages have different areas devoted
for advertisements. So the advertising charges vary accordingly. The marketing division
invites advertisements by consulting with clients representing different companies. The
advertising charges are also fixed by the marketing division. In short they sell of the space so
as to maximize the revenue.
Time selling is related with the visual media. The marketing division of MM TV does the
time selling for the advertisements that appear on the channel. Here the advertising charges
are determined based on the time at which they appear.
 ADVERTISING
Advertisements can be classified into 2 categories:
 Display advertisements
 They come in through advertising agencies. These advertisements are charged per
square centimetre. Premium rates are charged for printing the advertisements on
particular pages as per the client’s requirements.
 Classifieds
They are generally brought in by walk in customers and agents. More than revenue,
these ads serve to increase the readership of the daily. They are normally charged at
word rate.

Apart from the regular Ads there are special Ads classified under “Personals” section which
include wedding anniversary, death anniversary, weds today Ads etc. There is also a third
category of Ads known as “Display Classifieds”. They appear under classifieds but are
charged at display rate.
 PRODUCT MANAGEMENT
Product management involves the space selling of the publications; The Week, The Man,
Watch Time and She.
 MARKETING RESEARCH
This section studies the market and market trends and suggests ways for improving the
performance. They also give inputs to clients who want to advertise in Manorama with regard
to its reach, effect etc. The National Readership Survey (NRS) and Indian Readership Survey
(IRS) give key information regarding its readership. It is through market research that the
company investigates the opportunities for a new publication.
 PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES
The marketing division of Manorama undertakes various promotional activities which
include:
Event Management (Junction K)
The marketing division has also forayed into the field of managing events in order to find a
new way to connect with readers. Manorama have got a lot of top notch events sparkling in
its arena’s like:
 Horizon- is a highly acclaimed educational exhibition conducted by Manorama
during the period April to June. The aim of this program is to strengthen the
relationship with the young adults who are the emerging customers of tomorrow.

 Parpidam-is a real estate exhibition organized in the month of December. It focuses
on aspects regarding buying and building homes, housing finance, building materials,
designing etc. This is a short cut into the exploration of taste and preferences of
customers.
 Manorama Fiesta-it is a customer exhibition organized during the festival season of
Onam to capitalize on the spending spree of Malayalee.
Radio Mango
Radio Mango helps the brand promotion to a great extent. It is a venture of Manorama that
helps popularizing the daily and all its publications.
Seasonal/ Geographical Events
Manorama conducts various seasonal and geographical events as part of its brand promotion.
They include:
 Kayal Mela
 Malabar Fest
 Highrangre Fest
 Kadal Mela
 DIRECT SELLING
The marketing division also uses direct selling as a method of product selling. This involves
direct selling of products to the readers with the help of a particular agent. Direct selling also
helps to seek a relationship with their readers without consulting any retail outlets.

MARKETING DEPARTMENT CHART
CGM
Marketing Advertising
&Sales
CGM
Marketing
Services &
Solutions
Regional
GM
Mumbai
Senior GM
Delhi
Regional GM
Chennai
Regional
GM
Bangalore
Unit Heads
Marketing
Managers
Executives
Administrating
Staff
Deputy GM
Market Research
Research
Executives
Deputy GM
Marketing
Online
Executives
Online
Marketing

FUNCTIONS
Chief General Manager: CGM of advertising and sales oversees all advertisement related to
advertising. It Include setting advertising targets, making clients and contacting clients.
Regional General Manager: The regional General Managers oversees all the marketing
related activities of respective regional units like Mumbai, Chennai, Delhi and Bangalore.
Deputy General Manager (Market Research): The Deputy General Manager of market
research heads all research activities of the research executives. Also undertakes the
responsibility of various events and exhibitions as part of marketing.
Deputy General Manager (Online): The DGM of online undertakes advertising and
promotional activities related to Manorama online.
Unit Heads: The unit heads of marketing prepares the dummy of daily newspaper and other
publications.
Managers: Assist unit heads in preparing dummy and gives instructions to executives
regarding relationship with various clients.
Executives: Marketing executives contact clients on a regular basis and seeks advertisement.
Research Executives: Does the market research regarding the demand of various products
and opportunities for new publications and ventures.
3.1 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT
Editorial division is the lifeline of every organizations belonging to print media. This division
plays a major role in collecting the news till printing. The copy desk handles general news
from agencies like PTI and UNI and also outside Kerala sources. Local desk handles news
items from agents, bureau reports, photographs and part time stingers.
Each page of the newspaper is drafted by separate group of people. The selection of news, the
headlines and the way of presentation is all done by the journalist. The life story of an
individual is always presented in an inverted pyramid order i.e. beginning from their death till
the time of their birth and the main source of this information is a well equipped library.

As name implies the reporters, general public and correspondents bring the news. The copy
desk handles the general news and local desk handles the local news. The news bureau
gathers the news and the news desk edit and proofreads according to the style book. The
headings are given by the editors.
COPY DESK
News items are received from the copy desk coordinator. The news items are from agencies
of Press Trust of India and United News of India. News is also gathered from sources outside
Kerala. The desk chief understands the news contents, realizes the importance on the basis of
policy style, length and distributes to appropriate sub editors.
Sub editor creates news on the basis of the news items giving of slugs and remarks. The story
is keyed in the computer. The desk chief receives stories written by editors. These stories sent
to works department for composing and proofreading.
A printed format is attached to this stories in which slug remarks location to which story
should go are written. This list is also sent to hubs. The edited and proof items from copy
desk are placed in respective baskets in Kottayam hub and/ or sent to respective hubs by the
news room assistance in works division.
LOCAL DESK
This desk consists of local chief and page editors. News items are received from the agents,
part time reporters and the photos which are received from the staff photographers outside the
studio and program organizers.
The local chief tests the local news, stories and channels them to appropriate desk with
instruction regarding location to which the story should go and length display etc. Different
sub editors are responsible for different pages. Stories are edited and sent for composing or
proof reading. Pictures are received from bureaus through courier or computers. Page print
out is shown to the desk chief for comments of correction of any training classes are held for
agents and part timers usually.
Business, common and international pages are common for all units. Three editors are
assigned for doing pages separately. Page templates are opened in the computer and
advertisement space is marked in dummies supplied by news editor who gets it from

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